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Informational Graphics and Other Things

Updated: Oct 11, 2022

Bits and Pieces of Information

When I come across information related to water and wastewater topics, information that I'm not yet prepared to comment on in detail, I post it here. Some of this information I post because I know I will need to come back to it when I'm at a wastewater plant doing work. My hope is that the various charts, tables, and graphics will ultimately have some value to a wide range of readers. Take a look and see for yourself.

Hydrogen Sulfide and Sulfur Compounds

I do a lot of work associated with oxidizing reduced sulfur compounds. This often involves the addition of hydrogen peroxide to a waste stream to react with hydrogen sulfide. The reaction is interesting in terms of how pH affects the species of sulfur in the wastewater which then impacts dosing requirements. Shown here are a collection of graphics related to the oxidation of sulfur.

Sulfide Concentration vs. pH

Hydrogen peroxide can be used to oxidize hydrogen sulfide and other reduced sulfur compounds. The hydrogen peroxide dosage rate is a function of not only the hydrogen sulfide concentration but also the pH of the waste stream. You can see the effect of pH in the graphic below.

Sulfide Oxidation Using Hydrogen Peroxide

Oxidation of Sulfide vs. pH

Sulfide in water vs. pH

Chemical Binding of Sulfide
Chemisty of Sulfide
Chemical Binding of Sulfide

Sulfur Oxidation States

Sulfide vs pH vs Low Temperature Water

Sulfide vs pH vs High Temperature Water

Odorous Sulfur Compounds

 

BTEX Solubility

BTEX: Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene. These are aromatic chemical compounds found in the wastewater of refineries and chemical plants. These compounds are of concern because they can be toxic to microorganisms in a biological treatment system and they can easily be volatilized and become an airborne pollutant.

BTEX Solubility

 

Oily Wastewater

Click on the graphic below to obtain a 1-page, full-size, high-quality drawing as a PDF file.

Treatment Options for Oil in Wastewater

 

API Separator

Click on the graphic below to obtain a 1-page, full-size, high-quality drawing as a PDF file.

API Separator - Refinery Wastewater

 

Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR)

This simple graphic shows the five steps required to operate an SBR. Click on the graphic below to obtain a 1-page, full-size, high-quality drawing as a PDF file.

SBR Steps

 

Various formulas

Some conversions

Jar Test Procedure
 

Inflow and Infiltration Explained Graphically

Sanitary Sewer Inflow & Infiltration

Sanitary Sewer Laterals
 

Reverse Osmosis Membrane

Reverse Osmosis Element

 

Water Cycle

Click on the graphic below to obtain a 1-page, full-size, high-quality drawing as a PDF file.

Water Cycle Graphic

Water Cycle

Water Cycle Graphic
 
Saltwater and Freshwater

 
Aquifers, Wells, and Groundwater

 

Composition of a Bacteria Cell

Click on the graphic below to obtain a 1-page, full-size, high-quality drawing as a PDF file.

Bacteria Cell Composition

Composition of Bacteria Cell
 

Metcalf & Eddy Activated Sludge Design Parameters

The table below can be a little hard to read. If you click on the table you will open a PDF version for easier viewing and printing.

Metcalf & Eddy Activated Sludge Design Parameters

 
Composition of the Earth

 

Composition of Seawater

Ion composition of seawater

 

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