Nov 6, 20175 min read
Nitrogen Testing
Introduction In a recent post I focused on the importance and value of total kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) testing. That post addressed the...
Nov 3, 20176 min read
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Introduction After all the many years I've been working in water and wastewater treatment it's really just this past year that I have...
Jul 10, 20172 min read
Basicity of Polyaluminum Chloride
In former days, when I did a lot of polymer-focused jar testing, I had three products in my polymer test kit that I never fully...
May 2, 20172 min read
The Nitrogen Cycle
Three graphics of the nitrogen cycle are shown in this short, simple post. The first graphic below is one of the most common and you will...
May 1, 20176 min read
Testing Equipment
Testing Equipment for Water, Reverse Osmosis, and Wastewater There are several "sets" of laboratory equipment that are critical for...
May 1, 20171 min read
Bacterial Cell Composition
Composition of a Bacterial Cell There are two formulas used to describe a bacterial cell. Both are discussed below. The most widely used...
Mar 8, 20178 min read
OUR Level 3 Testing
Level 3: Treatability OUR Testing This level of oxygen uptake rate (OUR) testing is used to evaluate the impact of different chemical...
Mar 8, 20174 min read
OUR Level 2 Testing
Level 2: Time to Endogenous Respiration Many activated sludge systems do not achieve endogenous respiration by the time the mixed liquor...
Mar 7, 20174 min read
State Point Analysis
State Point Analysis With just six data inputs, state point analysis (SPA) would seem to provide a simple mathematical model for...
Dec 19, 20166 min read
Food-to-Mass (F:M) Ratio
Introduction Before going into a detailed discussion of the F:M (food-to-mass or food-to-microorganism) ratio I want to let you know...
Dec 19, 20163 min read
ORP
Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP) Measuring the oxidation reduction potential (ORP) is such an easy, insightful test to perform, it’s a...
Dec 19, 20165 min read
OUR Level 1 Testing
Level 1: Oxygen Uptake Rate—An Introduction Whenever I evaluate a biological treatment system there are two sets of tests I always run:...
